Endocrine Abstracts

Objectives: The study of the real indications for thyroid ultrasound and in which pathological conditions the echography is of real use and not for abuse.Material and methods: In the last 10 years, over 13 000 echographies were performed in 5136 consecutive patients for ‘thyroid disturbances’. In a previous paper we described 7 echographic patterns for thyroid ultrasound (9th ECE). The diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) was consider...

Background: Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease, the cause of which has not yet been determined. It’s characterized by the appearance of granulomas, which typically target the lungs, the lymphatic system and in rare cases, around 5-15%, changes in the nervous system are observed. Neurosarcoidosis leads to hypothalamus-pituitary axis dysfunction and the most common clinical manifestation is the onset of central diabetes insipidus.Case report: We p...

Obesity epidemic is one of the major concerns in the world. Worryingly, a high percentage of pregnant women have obesity, which could imply several consequences. Maternal obesity leads to different abnormalities in pregnancy and delivery. In addition, recent studies show that the offspring of obese mothers has an increased probability to suffer cardiovascular, metabolic and reproductive diseases. We have previously demonstrated that exposure to a high fat diet is related to ob...

Introduction: Hirata Syndrome (SH) is a rare cause of autoimmune hypoglycemia, characterized by elevated circulating insulin levels without concomitant increase in C-peptide, anti-insulin antibodies positivity and pancreas alterations absence in patients never exposed to exogenous insulin. It is also known as insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) and is a relatively rare cause of spontaneous hypoglycemia. The syndrome was first described in 1970 by Yukimasa Hirata in Japan, the co...

X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is associated with mutations in PHEX, upregulation of FGF23, leading to hypophosphatemia, abnormal bone development and short stature. H-MAB to FGF23, Burosumab, is the new therapy for XLH. Among PHEX mutations, c.1586+6T >C, partially destroying the splice-site, is presumably associated to a mild phenotype not described so far. We describe two siblings bearing the PHEX c.1586+6T >C variant. Cas...

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a chronic and progressive disease associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Insulin remains the cornerstone therapy for longer-duration T2DM and b-cell failure. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are a class of multifactorial T2DM medications that have been shown to improve numerous risk factors for diabetes-related complications, including glycemic control, reduction in body wei...

Introduction: Prembrolizumab, a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor, is one of the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) that have revolutionized cancer therapy. However, ICIs can also trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in different organ systems, including endocrine glands. While thyroid dysfunction is among the most common endocrinopathies reported, ICI-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) is extremely rare, with an overall incidence ranging from 0.9 to 2%.</p...

Introduction: Glucocorticoids are hormones that are used extensively in medicine for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. New onset diabetes mellitus is a frequent complication and is the result of an activation of glucocorticoid receptors which stimulate hepatic gluconeogenesis, adipose tissue lipolysis and increase the insulin resistance.Case presentation: We present a case of a 49-year-old Ukrainian female who in 2015 started having h...

Introduction: Acromegaly is a rare disease usually caused by growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary adenomas (PA) and associated with a series of complications, including tumours. The most prevalent tumour types are colonic adenomas, colorectal cancer (1) and nodular goiter (2). We present two acromegaly cases attending our center that associate cervical cancer and another that associates melanoma. Clinical cases: Case 1: A 56-yea...

Advanced papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with cutaneous metastases may cause pain, ulceration and bleeding. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a minimally invasive oncologic treatment of tumours located in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The electric pulses potentiates the toxicity of a cytostatic agent entering the tumour cell. It is highly effective especially to relieve pain and improve quality of life. The adverse events are local and transient. A case of progressive metasta...